Briefly explain original sin and its effects on human nature.

• A. Original sin denotes the fallen condition inherited from Adam and Eve, wounding human nature, inclining to sin (concupiscence), and needing grace; Baptism restores sanctifying grace and membership in Christ.
• B. Original sin is a purely symbolic concept with no real effect.
• C. Original sin is only about personal acts.
• D. Original sin is not part of Catholic teaching.

Answer: (B)

Original sin is the fallen condition we inherit from Adam and Eve. It wounds human nature, so people are inclined toward sin (concupiscence) and need God’s grace to be healed and restored. Because of this broken state, human beings cannot reach God or live rightly on their own; grace is required to elevate and forgive. In Catholic teaching, Baptism restores sanctifying grace, removes the stain of original sin, and makes the person a member of Christ and His Church. This explains why the Church emphasizes the need for grace and why Baptism is understood as the beginning of new life in Christ. The other views miss or deny these effects: treating original sin as purely symbolic, or as only about personal acts, or denying its place in Catholic teaching, do not align with how the tradition understands human nature and salvation.